下眼皮一直跳怎么缓解？

　　“眼皮跳不是皮肤在跳动，而是眼轮匝肌、眼睑举肌在神经的支配下进行收缩，带动表面皮肤随之而动。”天津市泰达医院神经内科主任赵伟介绍，发生眼皮跳的时候，首先需要观察眼皮跳是双侧还是单侧、是逐渐减少还是增加，有没有发展至面颈部。另外还要注意有无眼部感染、眼睑内翻倒睫等情况。

　　短时间眼皮跳可自行缓解

　　“大多数情况下，眼皮只是单侧偶尔跳动，不会持续特别长的时间，一般都会在入睡后自动停止。”赵伟解释，引起这种偶尔发生的短时间内的单侧眼皮跳动，多半是由于眼部神经受到刺激，最可能引发它的就是紧张、疲惫、压力过大。长时间盯着电脑，在光线过强或过弱的环境下用眼、持续用眼，运动过程中，缺乏睡眠时，也会出现眼皮跳的情况。

　　“对于这种短时间内的眼皮跳，不用过分担心，只要充分休息，消减压力，注意用眼健康，很快它就会消失，一般不需要专门治疗。”赵伟表示。

　　缓解这种短时间的眼皮跳可以试试遮眼操。具体做法是，把两手手肘支撑在桌子上，然后把手掌放在眼睛前面，遮住双眼，但是不能闭上眼睛，尽量不要让光线进到眼睛里面。练习4分钟之后，慢慢把双手挪开，使用眼睛的余光看一下视野中的东西。遮眼操可以有效缓解眼部疲劳。

　　此外，按摩和热敷也可以有效缓解由于疲劳引起的眼皮跳。热敷可以增强眼部血液循环，从而达到缓解眼部肌肉痉挛的目的。按摩可以用双手的拇指或者食指，叩击太阳穴、鱼腰穴、四白穴、攒竹穴、巨髎穴，每个穴位叩击20—30下，力度以穴位感到略酸微痛为宜。然后再用单手掐压另一只手上的合谷穴1分钟，交换掐。按摩这几个穴位，可以放松精神，缓解眼部肌肉疲劳，促进眼部血液循环，对于长时间用脑，长时间用眼，精神紧张等引起的眼皮跳有缓解作用。

　　长时间眼皮跳应及时就诊

　　如果长时间持续出现眼皮跳，就要引起注意了，需要及时去医院就诊。医生建议，可以先去眼科排除眼部疾病。天津泰达医院眼科主任张万红介绍，当眼睛被致病菌感染后，有可能引起结膜炎、角膜炎，出现眼睛不适、发痒、疼痛、眼皮跳等症状。这种情况可通过外用抗炎、抗菌的眼药水、药膏进行缓解。需要提醒的是，出现这种情况，最好先去医院确诊病因，然后使用专业眼科医生开的眼药水，对症下药，千万不要自己盲目购买滴用。

　　排除了眼部疾病后，“如果眼皮跳的幅度较大，并有逐步加重的趋势，甚至引起一侧面部肌肉不由自主地无痛、阵发性抽搐，那就不能轻视它了，这很可能是面肌痉挛引起的，需要马上去神经内科就诊。”赵伟提醒。面肌痉挛起初表现为眼皮跳，可累及面部肌肉、口角，甚至颈部肌肉，发作时病人一侧面肌频繁抽搐，睁眼困难，可伴有口角歪斜。

　　“除了面肌痉挛，另一种常见的疾病就是眼睑痉挛。”赵伟介绍，眼睑痉挛是双侧眼皮肌肉不能控制地收缩引起眼睛闭合，常表现为眼部不适，频繁眨眼或睁眼困难、怕光，后期发作频繁，睁不开眼，严重影响开车、读书、看电视、写字，出现功能性视力障碍。

There you are, minding your own business, when your eye starts to spasm out of control. It’s a very annoying feeling which can persist for hours. But is there any cause for alarm?

有时候，当你专注于做事的时候，你的眼皮开始不受控制地跳动。这是一种令人很烦躁的感觉，有时会持续几个小时。怎么会这样？

Trinidadians have quite a rich collection of superstitions concerning jumping eyes. For instance, if your right eye jumps, you are going to hear good news, and if your left eye jumps, you are going to hear bad news. Superstitions aside, the short answer is that a twitching eye is totally fine, although in some exceptional cases it may underlie a neurological condition.

对此特立尼达人有许多迷信的解释。比如，如果是右眼皮跳，那么你将会听到好消息；而如果是左眼皮跳，那么你会听到不好的消息。抛开迷信解释不谈，对于眼皮跳原因的简短解释是，没啥大碍。虽然，在个别情况下它可能是某种神经疾病的起因。

Eye spasm is characterized by the spontaneous contractions of muscle without muscular atrophy or weakness. You might have experienced an involuntary muscle spasmin your knee or elbow. The same can happen to the orbicularis oculi muscle (the muscle in the face that closes the eyelids).

眼皮跳动是一种自发的肌肉收缩，不伴有肌肉萎缩或肌肉无力。你可能经历过膝盖或者肘部的肌肉无意识抽搐。同样的情况也会发生在眼轮匝肌（眼睑附近的肌肉）上。

spasm n. [临床] 痉挛；抽搐

Eye spams are typically unilateral, occurring in one of the lower eyelids. Sometimes, both eyelids may be involved but the fascicular contractions of each eyelid is independent of each other. The transient and intermittent twitching is semi-rhythmic at a rate of 3-8 Hz.

眼皮抽搐通常出现在某一边的下眼睑上。有时候可能会涉及两边的眼睑，不过两边眼睑的肌肉收缩彼此独立。这种短暂且间歇性抽搐的频率在3-8赫兹。

In the majority of cases, eyelid spasms are no cause for concern. These are usually self-limiting and benign, so medical intervention is typically unnecessary. Very rarely, eyelid myokymia may occur as a precursor of hemifacial spasm, blepharospasm, Meige syndrome, spastic-paretic facial contracture, and multiple sclerosis.

在大部分情况下，眼皮抽搐没什么好担心的。它们通常是一种自我限制的良性问题，没必要去医院检查。但在很罕见的情况下，肌纤维颤搐可能是面肌痉挛、眼睑痉挛、麦杰综合征、痉挛性麻痹面部抽搐以及多发性硬化的前兆。

下面是眼皮跳最常见的原因。

压力 Stress

This is the number-one reason for a twitching eye, according to ophthalmologists. When we're under a lot of pressure, the body releases stress hormones (cortisol) which triggers a “fight or flight” response. One immediate consequence is muscle arousal, which may affect eyelid muscles as well. This may be a good time to see your friends, unwind, or meditate in order to reduce the stress that might be causing the twitching eye.

眼科医师表示，压力是引起眼皮跳的最主要因素。当我们感受到很大压力时，身体会释放压力荷尔蒙，引发“战或逃”反应。该反应最直接的结果是肌肉被唤醒，从而可能影响眼睑肌肉。对于你而言，这是一个探望朋友、放松或者冥想以减轻压力的好时机。

ophthalmologists n. 眼科医师

unwind vt. 放松；解开

疲劳 Fatigue

Not getting enough sleep or working too much overtime may cause your eye to complain. Scientists aren't sure why, but they've found that getting more rest will make the symptoms subside.

得不到足够睡眠或者加班过多可能会使你的眼睛“抱怨”。科学家们并不确定其中的原因为何，但他们发现多休息能减轻症状。

subside vi. 平息；减弱

眼干涩 Dry eyes

More and more people work office jobs that involve a lot of sitting and staring at a computer screen. This sort of lifestyle can lead to dry eye syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Dry eye syndrome is caused by a chronic lack of sufficient lubrication and moisture on the surface of the eye. When our eyes are too dry, they might involuntarily start twitching to keep them moisturized. This repeated blinking can trick the brain into making one or both eyes twitcheven more. To avoid DES, use eye drops if you use the computer for more than seven hours a day and make sure to look away from the screen at least once every 20 minutes.

越来越多的人在办公室里工作，需要长时间坐着并盯着电脑屏幕。这种生活方式会导致干眼症，也叫作干燥性角膜结膜炎。干眼症由眼睛表面长期缺乏润滑和滋润导致。当我们的眼睛太干燥时，它们也许会通过自发的眼皮跳动来保持湿润。眼睛不停眨会影响大脑，让一只或者两只眼睛的眼皮跳动更频繁。为了避免干眼症，如果你每天用电脑的时间超过七小时，那么你可以使用滴眼液，并确保自己每隔二十分钟让眼睛至少休息一次。

twitch n. 抽搐；抽动；痉挛

咖啡因和酒精 Caffeine and alcohol

Caffeine and alcohol have seemingly polar effects on the body. One is a stimulant while the other is an inhibitor — but both can bring a twitching eye when used in excess. It's important to stay hydrated and to avoid real or artificial sugars when this happens.

咖啡因和酒精对身体似乎有两极性影响。一种是兴奋作用而另外一种是抑制作用，而它们在饮用过量的时候都会导致眼皮乱跳。这时你需要补水并避免食用天然糖或者人造糖。

缺乏矿物质 Mineral deficiencies

A jumping eye might be triggered by magnesium deficiency. If the twitch persists, it’s a good idea to get your magnesium levels checked with a simple blood test. If you really are magnesium deficient, you should focus on eating more foods like almonds, oatmeal, or spinach. You can also take magnesium supplements to meet daily Mg needs.

眼皮乱跳可能由缺镁导致。如果眼皮一直乱跳，那么你可以通过简单的血液测试来检查体内的镁含量。如果真的缺镁，就要多吃杏仁、燕麦片和菠菜，还可以服用镁补充剂来满足日常镁需求。

眼睑感染 Eyelid infection

Blepharitis occurs when bacteria infect your eyelids, causing inflammation and redness. This makes the muscles around the eye twitchy. Other symptoms include burning or stinging eyes, dandruff at the base of the eye, and grittiness. The treatment of blepharitis should begin with a visit with your eye doctor to determine the cause of your sore, red, itchy eyelids. Eyelid hygiene is very helpful to treat and control blepharitis, and a good place to begin is applying a wet clean warm compress to melt any blocked residue around the eyelid. Repeat this several times a day.

眼睑有细菌感染时，就会患上睑缘炎，它会导致眼睛发炎和红肿。这会导致眼睛周围的肌肉颤动。其他症状还包括眼睛灼痛、剧痛，眼睛底部出现皮屑和异物感。这时你应该去看眼科医生，了解眼睑肿痛发痒的病因。保持眼睑卫生有助于治疗和控制睑缘炎，可以用干净的热敷布来按压眼睛，融化眼睑里残留的阻塞物，一天重复几次。